A Comparative Study of Google Search Trends for Melanoma, Breast Cancer and Prostate Cancer in Finland

Non peer reviewe

Vers une optimisation de la tenue à la fatigue de pièces forgées intégrant l'histoire mécanique des matériaux

International audienceLes pièces métalliques forgées présentent un fibrage qui leur confère des propriétés mécaniques anisotropes. L'objectif de notre étude consiste à définir la notion de fibrage dans le cadre de la simulation numérique, et à l'utiliser dans l'estimation de la durée de vie de pièces en fatigue. Nous nous focalisons ici sur la fatigue à haut nombre de cycles, et nous traitons les aciers contenant des inclusions malléables supérieures à une taille caractéristique. Un nouveau critère de fatigue multiaxial est proposé, sur la base du critère de Murakami, et a été implémenté dans le logiciel éléments finis FORGE3®. Une variable représentant le fibrage est calculée lors de la simulation de forgeage, puis utilisée lors du calcul de fatigue anisotrope. Les contraintes résiduelles obtenues en fin de forgeage sont elles aussi prises en compte dans notre modèle. Enfin une chaîne de simulation virtuelle, intégrant les simulations de forgeage et de fatigue, est réalisée. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l'on peut améliorer la tenue à la fatigue des pièces forgées en modifiant les conditions de mise en forme, telles que le fibrage initial ou encore la géométrie de la pièce. = Forging of metal components induces grain flow orientation, which gives rise to anisotropic mechanical properties. Our study deals with the definition and the use of this grain flow anisotropy into fatigue life calculation. We have focused on high cycle fatigue, and we deal with steels containing malleable inclusions above a critical size. A new multiaxial criterion has been developed on the basis of the Murakami equation. This criterion has been implemented in the finite element code Forge 3®. This computational tool uses a new variable to represent the grain flow orientation provided by forging simulation to account for subsequent fatigue anisotropic behaviour. Moreover, residual stresses resulting from forging are also taken into account to perform the fatigue calculation. Finally, a virtual simulation chain, including Forging and Fatigue calculation is carried out. The final goal is to improve fatigue properties by modifying forging conditions

Évaluation du régulateur sur une courbe modulaire et valeurs particulières

Bloch et Beilinson ont proposé plusieurs conjectures sur les liens entre les applications régulateurs du groupe de K-théorie algébrique associée à une courbe modulaire et des valeurs spéciales de fonction L. Fixons N, un entier naturel et considérons le sous-groupe de congruence $\Gamma_0(N)$. Le présent mémoire démontre une formule explicite entre le régulateur de la courbe modulaire $X_0(N)$ appliqué à une forme primitive et une valeur spéciale de la fonction L associée.Bloch and Beilinson conjectured many relations regarding the regulator of a modular curve. This function from the algebraic K-theory of the modular curve is supposed to be related to special values of L functions. Let N be a positive integer et consider the congruence subgroup $\Gamma_0(N)$. This thesis relates explicitly the regulator of the modular curve $X_0(N)$ applied to some newform with a special value of the newform's L function

Theano: new features and speed improvements

Theano is a linear algebra compiler that optimizes a user's symbolically-specified mathematical computations to produce efficient low-level implementations. In this paper, we present new features and efficiency improvements to Theano, and benchmarks demonstrating Theano's performance relative to Torch7, a recently introduced machine learning library, and to RNNLM, a C++ library targeted at recurrent neural networks.Comment: Presented at the Deep Learning Workshop, NIPS 201

Bench-stable frustrated Lewis pair chemistry : fluoroborate salts as precatalysts for the C-H borylation of heteroarenes

While the organotrifluoroborate group is commonly used as a leaving group in cross-coupling reactions, we now show that their high stability can be used to protect the Lewis acidic moieties of frustrated Lewis pair catalysts. Indeed, the air and moisture-stable trifluoro- and difluoroborate derivatives of bulky (tetramethylpiperidino)benzene are shown to be conveniently converted to their dihydroborane analogue which is known to activate small molecules. An efficient synthesis route to these stable and convenient precatalysts, their deprotection chemistry and their benchtop use for the dehydrogenative borylation of heteroarenes is presented

Spontaneous reduction of a hydroborane to generate a B-B single bond using a Lewis pair

The ansa‐aminohydroborane 1‐NMe2‐2‐(BH2)C6H4 crystallizes in an unprecedented type of dimer containing a B−H bond activated by one FLP moiety. Upon mild heating and without the use of any catalyst, this molecule liberates one equivalent of hydrogen to generate a diborane molecule. The synthesis and structural characterization of these new compounds, as well as the kinetic monitoring of the reaction and the DFT investigation of its mechanism, are reported

Theano: new features and speed improvements.

Abstract Theano is a linear algebra compiler that optimizes a user's symbolically-specified mathematical computations to produce efficient low-level implementations. In this paper, we present new features and efficiency improvements to Theano, and benchmarks demonstrating Theano's performance relative to Torch7, a recently introduced machine learning library, and to RNNLM, a C++ library targeted at recurrent neural networks

Optimal inventory management and order book modeling *

We model the behavior of three agent classes acting dynamically in a limit order book of a financial asset. Namely, we consider market makers (MM), high-frequency trading (HFT) firms, and institutional brokers (IB). Given a prior dynamic of the order book, similar to the one considered in the Queue-Reactive models [12, 18, 19], the MM and the HFT define their trading strategy by optimizing the expected utility of terminal wealth, while the IB has a prescheduled task to sell or buy many shares of the considered asset. We derive the variational partial differential equations that characterize the value functions of the MM and HFT and explain how almost optimal control can be deduced from them. We then provide a first illustration of the interactions that can take place between these different market participants by simulating the dynamic of an order book in which each of them plays his own (optimal) strategy

An Ebox Element in the Proximal Gata4 Promoter Is Required for Gata4 Expression In Vivo

GATA4 is an essential transcription factor required for the development and function of multiple tissues, including a major role in gonadogenesis. Despite its crucial role, the molecular mechanisms that regulate Gata4 expression in vivo remain poorly understood. We recently found that the Gata4 gene is expressed as multiple transcripts with distinct 5′ origins. These co-expressed alternative transcripts are generated by different non-coding first exons with transcripts E1a and E1b being the most prominent. Moreover, we previously showed that an Ebox element, located in Gata4 5′ flanking sequences upstream of exon 1a, is important for the promoter activity of these sequences in cell lines. To confirm the importance of this element in vivo, we generated and characterized Gata4 Ebox knockout mice. Quantitative PCR analyses realized on gonads, heart and liver at three developmental stages (embryonic, pre-pubertal and adult) revealed that the Ebox mutation leads to a robust and specific decrease (up to 89%) of Gata4 E1a transcript expression in all tissues and stages examined. However, a detailed characterization of the gonads revealed normal morphology and GATA4 protein levels in these mutants. Our qPCR data further indicate that this outcome is most likely due to the presence of Gata4 E1b mRNA, whose expression levels were not decreased by the Ebox mutation. In conclusion, our work clearly confirms the importance of the proximal Ebox element and suggests that adequate GATA4 protein expression is likely protected by a compensation mechanism between Gata4 E1a and E1b transcripts operating at the translational level

One-Year Safety Analysis of the COMPARE-AMI Trial: Comparison of Intracoronary Injection of CD133+ Bone Marrow Stem Cells to Placebo in Patients after Acute Myocardial Infarction and Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Bone marrow stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising approach to improve healing of the infarcted myocardium. Despite initial excitement, recent clinical trials using non-homogenous stem cells preparations showed variable and mixed results. Selected CD133+ hematopoietic stem cells are candidate cells with high potential. Herein, we report the one-year safety analysis on the initial 20 patients enrolled in the COMPARE-AMI trial, the first double-blind randomized controlled trial comparing the safety, efficacy, and functional effect of intracoronary injection of selected CD133+ cells to placebo following acute myocardial infarction with persistent left ventricular dysfunction. At one year, there is no protocol-related complication to report such as death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or sustained ventricular arrhythmia. In addition, the left ventricular ejection fraction significantly improved at four months as compared to baseline and remained significantly higher at one year. These data indicate that in the setting of the COMPARE-AMI trial, the intracoronary injection of selected CD133+ stem cells is secure and feasible in patients with left ventricle dysfunction following acute myocardial infarction